Volume 27 Number 1 January 2001
Articles
Debate
Reviews
Abstracts
Russell King
Editorial
(Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies Vol. 27 No. 1: 5-6)
Saulo B. Cwerner
The Times of Migration [Abstract]
Mikael Hjerm
Education, xenophobia and nationalism: a
comparative analysis [Abstract]
Ann Morning
The racial self-identification of South
Asians in the United States [Abstract]
Constance Lever-Tracy and Robert Holton
Social exchange, reciprocity and amoral
familism: aspects of Italian chain migration to Australia [Abstract]
Margaret Kelaher, Gail Williams and Lenore
Manderson
Population characteristics, health and
social issues among Filipinas in Queensland Australia [Abstract]
Joy Husband and Bob Jerrard
Formal aid in an informal sector:
institutional support for ethnic minority enterprise in local clothing and
textiles industries [Abstract]
Collin W. Mettam and Stephen Wyn Williams
A colonial perspective on population
migration in Soviet Estonia [Abstract]
Michael Banton
National integration in France and Britain
(Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
Vol. 27 No. 1: 151-168)
Hans van Amersfoort, Steven Vertovec (ed.) Migration and Social Cohesion
Alastair Bonnett, Thomas K. Nakayama and Judith N. Martin (eds) Whiteness: The Communication of Social Identity
Margaret Byron, Michel S. Laguerre, Diasporic Citizenship: Haitian Americans in Transnational America
Russell King, Yiannis Dimitreas, Transplanting the Agora: Hellenic Settlement in Australia
Peter Rushton, Leon Sheleff, The Future of Tradition: Customary Law, Common Law and Legal Pluralism
Anna Triandafyllidou, Montserrat Guibernau, Nations Without States: Political Communities in a Global Age
Catherine Walker, Stephen Castles, Ethnicity and Globalization: From Migrant Worker to Transnational Citizen
Allen Bartley, Pyong Gap Min and Rose Kim (eds) Struggle for Ethnic Identity: Narratives by Asian American Professionals
Malcolm Harrison, Hermann Kurthen, Jürgen Fijalkowski and Gert G. Wagner (eds) Immigration, Citizenship and the Welfare State in Germany and the United States.
Saulo B. Cwerner
The Times of Migration
Abstract
Time and
migration have become fundamental themes in recent debates about modernity,
globalisation, mobility and other contemporary issues. However, the relationship
between the two has rarely figured as an explicit object of research. And yet,
the analysis of the mutual implications between migration and time can be
crucial for the understanding of several theoretical and practical problems
associated with immigration, nation-states and multicultural societies. This
article examines some of the complex temporal dimensions of the migration
process. It reveals that time has often appeared as an important dimension in
various accounts of immigration. On the basis of empirical research conducted
with a particular immigrant group, namely Brazilians in London, the article
suggests a number of conceptual tools for the analysis of the temporal aspects
of migration. This conceptual framework is based on the development of the
notions of the
strange,
heteronomous, asynchronous, remembered, collage, liminal, diasporic and
nomadic times of migration. Finally, I briefly discuss the relationship
between these times, the nation-states’ responses to immigration, and the
constitution of new forms of transnational social and cultural practices.
Keywords:
time; migration; Brazilian
migration; London;
transnationalism; globalisation
(Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
Vol. 27 No. 1: 7-36, © 2001 Taylor and Francis Ltd)
Mikael Hjerm
Education, xenophobia and nationalism: a
comparative analysis
Abstract
This article sets out to
scrutinise the relation between levels of education on the one hand, and
nationalist sentiment and xenophobia on the other. Using data from the
International Social Survey Programme it empirically compares, ten carefully
chosen countries in order to be able assess the relation between education and
the attitudes expressed. The article concludes that the effect of levels of
education is not country–specific. In other words, levels of nationalist
sentiment as well as of xenophobia decrease with increasing levels of education
in all the countries examined, despite substantial differences between the
educational systems in the countries.
Keywords:
education; nationalism; xenophobia; citizenship
(Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
Vol. 27 No. 1: 37-60, © 2001 Taylor and Francis Ltd)
Ann Morning
The racial self-identification of South
Asians in the United States
Abstract
The racial identity of South Asians has long been a subject of controversy in
the United States. Their inchoate racial status translates into a variety of
racial descriptors being chosen by and for South Asians. This paper uses 1990
census data to examine the socio-economic and demographic correlates of the
racial self-identification choices made by household heads of Asian Indian
origin, both foreign- and US-born. The results of multinomial logit analysis
show that respondents who are more acculturated to the United States are more
likely to describe themselves as ‘Black’ or ‘White’ than are those with less
familiarity with American society. However, higher socio-economic levels are
associated with a greater likelihood of self-identification as South Asian on
the census race question. Finally, comparison with a sample of Asian Indian
children reveals the latter’s greater tendency to be identified with a race
other than South Asian, due both to their more extensive mixed ancestry and
their larger share of US-born respondents.
Keywords:
racial self-identification;
South
Asians;
Indians;
United
States;
logit analysis; census
(Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies Vol. 27 No. 1: 61-79, © 2001 Taylor and Francis Ltd)
Constance Lever-Tracy and Robert Holton
Social exchange, reciprocity and amoral
familism: aspects of Italian chain migration to Australia
Abstract
This
paper examines new evidence on Italian chain migration to Australia. General
theories stressing social and cultural differences between Northern and Southern
Italians are challenged. The argument is in two parts. The first involves a
critique of the idea of Southern Italian amoral familism, based on evidence of
convergence between Northern and Southern patterns of chain migration and
settlement.This finding is corrosive both of Banfield's work on Southern Italian
family structure, and Putnam's more recent representation of Southerners as
inescapably locked into cultural structures that militate against mutual aid and
trust. In the second part of the argument an attempt is made to locate patterns
of social exchange evident in the chain migration process.Models of reciprocity
are rejected in favour of notions of sponsorship as a non-reciprocal gift among
family, friends, and
paesani.
Keywords:
Italian Migration; Australia; Chain Migration; Amoral Familism: social Exchange:
Sponsorship
(Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies Vol. 27 No. 1:
81-99, © 2001 Taylor and Francis Ltd)
Margaret Kelaher, Gail Williams and Lenore
Manderson
Population characteristics, health and
social issues among Filipinas in Queensland Australia
Abstract
Women from the
Philippines constitute one of the largest groups of female immigrants from Asia
to Australia. Most women migrate to marry Australian men or to join Australian
husbands. Research has tended
to view Filipinas' health in
Australia as intrinsically linked to their marriages
rather than to the characteristics of the society in which they now live.
Focus on cross-cultural
marriages has tended to deny the impact of structural factors, such as
non-recognition of educational qualifications, on the adaptation of women to
life in Australia.
This paper
explores the impact of immigration experience, employment, social support,
relationship issues and use of health services on the health and well-being of
482 Philippines-born women in the state of Queensland. Socio-economic issues
emerged as major determinants of women’s well-being and satisfaction with life
in Australia.
Reducing inequities in employment and overcoming logistical barriers to service
access may be the most effective ways of improving the health and well-being of
Filipinas in Australia.
Keywords:
Filipino migration; Queensland; cross-cultural marriage; health
(Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies Vol. 27 No. 1: 101-114, © 2001 Taylor and Francis Ltd)
Joy Husband and Bob Jerrard
Formal aid in an informal sector:
institutional support for ethnic minority enterprise in local clothing and
textiles industries
Abstract
Since the
1970s, advanced countries have gone through a distinct process of economic
restructuring. In a number of countries manufacturing industries such as
clothing and textiles have suffered a gradual decline. In the UK the problems of
the industry have been exacerbated by price rises in raw materials, the ability
of retail groups to shift their manufacturing base to cheaper offshore
locations and increased importation from developing countries. Despite these
setbacks, Asians originating in the Indian subcontinent and East Africa continue
to establish small clothing enterprises. Large numbers of these operate on the
fringes of the formal economy, maintained against a background of low profit
margins and competition. This study centres on the ways in which aid and
information agencies are tackling the problems of this often hidden sector in
Birmingham, Manchester and Leicester. Qualitative interviews were undertaken
with 24 individuals representing a variety of formal and voluntary agencies
connected to business development. In addition case-study research was
undertaken with five firms. The results highlight the slow progress being made
in the area of networking between the various institutions and the clear gulf
between government-backed support agencies and the majority of Asian-owned
clothing and textile enterprises.
Keywords:
ethnic enterprise; textile and clothing industry; informal sector; asian
community; Manchester;
Birmingham;
Leicester
(Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
Vol. 27 No. 1: 115-131, © 2001 Taylor and Francis Ltd)
Collin W. Mettam and Stephen Wyn Williams
A colonial perspective on population
migration in Soviet Estonia
Abstract
Industrialisation facilitates social and economic change and its role in
modifying population patterns via the process of urbanisation is well
documented.The socially selective nature of population redistribution is widely
recognized but in multi-ethnic states this redistribution of population is also
culturally selective and has important ramifications for ethnic relations. This
paper suggests that the theory of Internal Colonialism remains a useful
theoretical framework for explaining the changes seen in Soviet Estonia.
Specifically, it examines the influence of industrialisation on patterns of
immigration into Estonia, and their consequent impact on Estonia's ethnic
geography. We conclude that industrialisation is an important factor influencing
patterns of population movement and distribution and that internal colonialism
provides a valuable framework for the analysis of societal change in Soviet
Estonia, and in other socialist contexts.
Keywords:
Estonia;
internal colonialism; ethnic population distribution; industrial development;
migration
(Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
Vol. 27 No. 1: 133-150, © 2001 Taylor and Francis Ltd.)